CRUD Android Studio dengan Room Database Java

Membuat database di Android Studio dengan Room Database memang lebih mudah dan lebih terstruktur. Di dalam pembelajaran ini kita akan belajar tentang Room Database dan penerapan nya untuk menambah data, menampilkan data, mengubah data, dan menghapus data.

Mari kita buat dari awal sobat! Pertama-tama siapkan Laptop dan buka Android Studio nya, dan jangan lupa siapkan cemilan pavorit nya juga ya.

Buat projek baru di Android Studio

Buat struktur file seperti berikut

Buat Layouting

Buatlah tampilan pada activity_main.xml seperti pada kode dibawah ini:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycler_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_tambah"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Tambah"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_margin="10dp" />

</RelativeLayout>

Kemudian buat tampilan pada activity_tambah.xml seperti pada kode dibawah:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".TambahActivity">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:padding="10dp"
        android:orientation="vertical">
        <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="10dp">
            <EditText
                android:id="@+id/full_name"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:inputType="text"
                android:hint="Nama Lengkap"
                android:autofillHints="" />
        </com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
        <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_marginBottom="10dp">
            <EditText
                android:id="@+id/email"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:inputType="textEmailAddress"
                android:hint="Alamat Email"
                android:autofillHints="" />
        </com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_save"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Simpan" />
    </LinearLayout>

</ScrollView>

Buat juga tampilan untuk row data row_user.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:padding="14dp"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/full_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:text="Nama Lengkap" />
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/email"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Email"/>
</LinearLayout>

Entitas

Buatlah sebuah kode entitas pada kode User.java seperti dibawah:

package com.trisnasejati.room.database.entitas;

import androidx.room.ColumnInfo;
import androidx.room.Entity;
import androidx.room.PrimaryKey;

@Entity
public class User {
    @PrimaryKey
    public int uid;

    @ColumnInfo(name = "name")
    public String fullName;

    public String email;
}

DAO

Buatlah kode DAO pada UserDao.java seperti dibawah:

package com.trisnasejati.room.database.dao;

import androidx.room.Dao;
import androidx.room.Delete;
import androidx.room.Insert;
import androidx.room.Query;

import com.trisnasejati.room.database.entitas.User;

import java.util.List;

@Dao
public interface UserDao {
    @Query("SELECT * FROM user")
    List<User> getAll();

    @Query("INSERT INTO user (name,email) VALUES(:name, :email)")
    void insertAll(String name, String email);

    @Query("UPDATE user SET name=:name, email=:email WHERE uid=:uid")
    void update(int uid, String name, String email);

    @Query("SELECT * FROM user WHERE uid=:uid")
    User get(int uid);

    @Delete
    void delete(User user);
}

Database Mode

Buatlah sebuat database room model pada AppDatabase.java dibawah ini:

package com.trisnasejati.room.database;

import android.content.Context;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.VisibleForTesting;
import androidx.lifecycle.MutableLiveData;
import androidx.room.Database;
import androidx.room.Room;
import androidx.room.RoomDatabase;
import androidx.sqlite.db.SupportSQLiteDatabase;

import com.trisnasejati.room.database.dao.UserDao;
import com.trisnasejati.room.database.entitas.User;

@Database(entities = {User.class}, version = 1)
public abstract class AppDatabase extends RoomDatabase {

    private static AppDatabase sInstance;
    private final MutableLiveData<Boolean> mIsDatabaseCreated = new MutableLiveData<>();

    @VisibleForTesting
    public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "my_database";

    public abstract UserDao userDao();

    private void setDatabaseCreated(){
        mIsDatabaseCreated.postValue(true);
    }

    private void updateDatabaseCreated(final Context context) {
        if (context.getDatabasePath(DATABASE_NAME).exists()) {
            setDatabaseCreated();
        }
    }

    public static AppDatabase buildDatabase(final Context context) {
        return Room.databaseBuilder(context, AppDatabase.class, DATABASE_NAME)
                .addCallback(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onCreate(@NonNull SupportSQLiteDatabase db) {
                        super.onCreate(db);
                        AppDatabase database = AppDatabase.getInstance(context);
                        database.setDatabaseCreated();
                    }
                }).allowMainThreadQueries().fallbackToDestructiveMigration().build();
    }

    public static AppDatabase getInstance(final Context context){
        if (sInstance == null){
            synchronized (AppDatabase.class) {
                if (sInstance == null){
                    sInstance = buildDatabase(context);
                    sInstance.updateDatabaseCreated(context.getApplicationContext());
                }
            }
        }
        return sInstance;
    }

}

Adapter

Buatlah sebuah adapter untuk menampilkan list ke RecyclerView seperti pada kode UserAdapter.java dibawah:

package com.trisnasejati.room.adapter;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import com.trisnasejati.room.R;
import com.trisnasejati.room.database.entitas.User;

import java.util.List;

public class UserAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<UserAdapter.ViewAdapter> {
    private List<User> list;
    private Context context;
    private Dialog dialog;

    public interface Dialog {
        void onClick(int position);
    }

    public void setDialog(Dialog dialog) {
        this.dialog = dialog;
    }

    public UserAdapter(Context context, List<User> list){
        this.context = context;
        this.list = list;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public ViewAdapter onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.row_user, parent, false);
        return new ViewAdapter(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewAdapter holder, int position) {
        holder.fullName.setText(list.get(position).fullName);
        holder.email.setText(list.get(position).email);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    class ViewAdapter extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
        TextView fullName, email;

        public ViewAdapter(@NonNull View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            fullName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.full_name);
            email = itemView.findViewById(R.id.email);
            itemView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View view) {
                    if (dialog!=null){
                        dialog.onClick(getLayoutPosition());
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }

}

Activity

Berikan kode pada MainActivity.java seperti pada kode dibawah:

package com.trisnasejati.room;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView;

import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.trisnasejati.room.adapter.UserAdapter;
import com.trisnasejati.room.database.AppDatabase;
import com.trisnasejati.room.database.entitas.User;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private RecyclerView recyclerView;
    private Button btnTambah;
    private AppDatabase database;
    private UserAdapter userAdapter;
    private List<User> list = new ArrayList<>();
    private AlertDialog.Builder dialog;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        btnTambah = findViewById(R.id.btn_tambah);

        database = AppDatabase.getInstance(getApplicationContext());
        list.clear();
        list.addAll(database.userDao().getAll());
        userAdapter = new UserAdapter(getApplicationContext(), list);
        userAdapter.setDialog(new UserAdapter.Dialog() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(int position) {
                final CharSequence[] dialogItem = {"Edit", "Hapus"};
                dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this);
                dialog.setItems(dialogItem, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
                        switch (i){
                            case 0:
                                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, TambahActivity.class);
                                intent.putExtra("uid", list.get(position).uid);
                                startActivity(intent);
                                break;
                            case 1:
                                User user = list.get(position);
                                database.userDao().delete(user);
                                onStart();
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                });
                dialog.show();
            }
        });

        RecyclerView.LayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(getApplicationContext(), RecyclerView.VERTICAL, false);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(userAdapter);

        btnTambah.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this, TambahActivity.class));
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        list.clear();
        list.addAll(database.userDao().getAll());
        userAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }
}

Kemudian jangan lupa tambahkan kode ke TambahActivity.java dibawah ini:

package com.trisnasejati.room;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;

import com.trisnasejati.room.database.AppDatabase;
import com.trisnasejati.room.database.entitas.User;

public class TambahActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private EditText editName, editEmail;
    private Button btnSave;
    private AppDatabase database;
    private int uid = 0;
    private boolean isEdit = false;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_tambah);
        editName = findViewById(R.id.full_name);
        editEmail = findViewById(R.id.email);
        btnSave = findViewById(R.id.btn_save);

        database = AppDatabase.getInstance(getApplicationContext());

        Intent intent = getIntent();
        uid = intent.getIntExtra("uid", 0);
        if (uid>0){
            isEdit = true;
            User user = database.userDao().get(uid);
            editEmail.setText(user.email);
            editName.setText(user.fullName);
        }else{
            isEdit = false;
        }

        btnSave.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if (isEdit){
                    database.userDao().update(uid, editName.getText().toString(), editEmail.getText().toString());
                }else{
                    database.userDao().insertAll(editName.getText().toString(), editEmail.getText().toString());
                }
                finish();
            }
        });
    }
}

Untuk lebih lengkapnya agar mudah memahami silahkan tonton video dibawah atau kunjungi kanal Youtube Kami!